Amafeni y'imiyoboro y'umwuka ikoresha imiyoboro y'amazi

Iyi module ireba umuyaga ukoresha centrifugal na axial ukoreshwa muri sisitemu z'ubuhumekero zikoresha imiyoboro y'amazi, kandi isuzuma ibintu byatoranijwe, harimo imiterere yabyo n'imikorere yabyo.

Ubwoko bubiri bw'abafana bukoreshwa mu bwubatsi bw'imiyoboro y'amazi muri rusange bwitwa abafana ba centrifugal na axial - izina rikomoka ku cyerekezo cy'umwuka unyura muri abafana. Ubwo bwoko bubiri ubwabwo bugabanyijemo ubwoko butandukanye bwakozwe kugira ngo butange imiterere yihariye y'umuvuduko w'amazi/igitutu, hamwe n'ibindi bintu bifatika mu mikorere (harimo ingano, urusaku, gutigita, gusukura, kubungabunga no gukomera).

Imbonerahamwe ya 1: Amakuru yatangajwe muri Amerika no mu Burayi ku bijyanye n'ubushobozi bw'abafana ku bafana bafite umurambararo wa metero 600

Bumwe mu bwoko bw'abafana bakunze kuboneka muri HVAC buri ku rutonde rwa 1, hamwe n'ubushobozi bw'ikirenga bwakusanyijwe1 bivuye mu makuru yatangajwe n'inganda zitandukanye zo muri Amerika n'i Burayi. Uretse ibi, umufana wa 'plug' (mu by'ukuri ari ubwoko bw'umufana wa centrifugal) warushijeho gukundwa mu myaka ya vuba aha.

Ishusho ya 1: Imiterere y'abafana rusange. Abafana nyabo bashobora gutandukana cyane n'iyi miterere yoroshye

Imiterere y'umufana igaragara ku Ishusho ya 1. Iyi ni imiterere ikabije, ishingiye ku bitekerezo, kandi abafana nyabo bashobora gutandukana cyane n'iyo; icyakora, bashobora kugaragaza imiterere isa. Ibi birimo ahantu hatameze neza haterwa no guhiga, aho umufana ashobora guhinduranya hagati y'imiterere ibiri ishoboka y'umuvuduko umwe cyangwa bitewe n'uko umufana ahagaze (reba agasanduku k'umuvuduko w'umwuka uhagaze). Abakora bagomba kandi kugaragaza ahantu bakunze gukoresha 'mu mutekano' mu nyandiko zabo.

Abafana ba centrifugal

Ukoresheje umuyaga ushyushye ukoresheje centrifugal, umwuka winjira muri impeller unyuze ku murongo wayo, hanyuma ugasohoka uturutse muri impeller ukoresheje centrifugal. Izi feni zishobora gukora umuvuduko mwinshi ndetse n'umuvuduko mwinshi w'amazi. Inyinshi mu feni zisanzwe zikoresha centrifugal zifungiye mu nzu imeze nk'umuzingo (nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 2) ikora mu kuyobora umwuka ugenda no guhindura neza ingufu za kinetic muri static pressure. Kugira ngo umwuka winjire mwinshi, feni ishobora gushushanywa na impeller ifite 'double width double inlet', ituma umwuka winjira ku mpande zombi z'aho ufungiye.

Ishusho ya 2: Umufana ukoresha centrifugal uri mu gisanduku cyo gusoza imizingo, ufite impeller ireba inyuma

Hari imiterere myinshi y'ibyuma bishobora gukora impeller, aho ubwoko bw'ingenzi bugoramye imbere n'ubugoramye inyuma - imiterere y'icyuma izagena imikorere yacyo, ubushobozi bushoboka n'imiterere y'umuheto uranga. Ibindi bintu bizagira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'umuheto ni ubugari bw'uruziga rw'impeller, umwanya uri hagati y'aho impeller yinjirira n'impeller izenguruka, hamwe n'agace kakoreshaga umwuka uva mu muheto (aho bita 'ahantu ho guturika').

Ubu bwoko bw'umufana bwakunze gukoreshwa na moteri ifite umukandara n'agapira. Ariko, bitewe n'iterambere ry'uburyo bwo kugenzura umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi no kwiyongera kwa moteri zikoresha ikoranabuhanga ('EC' cyangwa zidafite uburoso), moteri zikoresha ikoranabuhanga zigenda zikoreshwa kenshi. Ibi ntibikuraho gusa imikorere mibi iri muri moteri ikoresha umukandara (ishobora kuba kuva kuri 2% kugeza hejuru ya 10%, bitewe n'uburyo ikoreshwa2) ahubwo bishobora no kugabanya guhindagura, kugabanya uburyo ikoreshwa (ikoreshwa ry'udupira duke n'ibisabwa mu isuku) no gutuma ikoreshwa rirushaho kuba rito.

Amafeni ya centrifugal ahenze inyuma

Amashanyarazi yo inyuma agoramye (cyangwa 'afite icyerekezo') arangwa n'amashanyarazi ahengamye kure y'icyerekezo cyo kuzenguruka. Ashobora kugera ku musaruro wa 90% iyo akoresha amashanyarazi yo mu kirere, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 3, cyangwa afite amashanyarazi asanzwe afite imiterere itatu, na makeya gato iyo akoresha amashanyarazi asanzwe afite icyerekezo, na make iyo akoresha amashanyarazi yoroshye yo mu gice cy'imbere ahengamye inyuma. Umucyo usiga impeller ku muvuduko muto, bityo igihombo cyo gukurura mu gikoresho kiba gito kandi urusaku rukomoka ku mwuka narwo rukaba ruto. Ashobora guhagarara ku rugero rwo hejuru rw'umurongo w'imikorere. Amashanyarazi manini azatuma habaho imikorere myiza cyane, kandi ashobora gukoresha amashanyarazi akomeye yo mu kirere. Amashanyarazi yoroshye ntazagaragaza inyungu nyinshi mu gukoresha amashanyarazi yo mu kirere bityo akunda gukoresha amashanyarazi yo mu gice cy'imbere. Amashanyarazi yo inyuma arangwa cyane cyane n'ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe n'urusaku ruto, kandi afite imiterere idatwara umutwaro mwinshi - ibi bivuze ko uko uburinzi bugabanuka muri sisitemu n'umuvuduko w'amazi wiyongera, imbaraga zikururwa na moteri y'amashanyarazi zizagabanuka. Imiterere y'amafeni azunguruka inyuma ishobora kuba ikomeye cyane kandi iremereye kurusha umufana uzunguruka imbere udakora neza. Umuvuduko w'umwuka ugenda buhoro ku byuma bishobora gutuma ibintu bihumanya byiyongera (nk'umukungugu n'amavuta).

Ishusho ya 3: Ishusho y'imashini zikoresha umuyaga zikoresha centrifugal

Amashanyarazi yo mu bwoko bwa centrifugal agoramye imbere

Amashanyarazi yo mu bwoko bwa "front curved fans" arangwa n'umubare munini w'amashanyarazi yo mu bwoko bwa "front curved" agoramye. Kubera ko akunze gutanga umuvuduko muto, ni magufi, yoroheje kandi ahendutse ugereranije n'amashanyarazi yo mu bwoko bwa "back curved fans" akoreshwa n'inyuma. Nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 3 n'Ishusho ya 4, ubu bwoko bw'amashanyarazi buzaba burimo amashanyarazi arenga 20 ashobora kuba yoroshye nko kuba akozwe mu gipapuro kimwe cy'icyuma. Imikorere myiza iboneka mu bunini bunini hamwe n'amashanyarazi yakozwe ku giti kimwe. Umuyaga usiga impera z'amashanyarazi umuvuduko mwinshi, kandi iyi ngufu ya "kinetic" igomba guhinduka umuvuduko utajegajega mu gipfundikizo - ibi bigabanya ubushobozi. Akoreshwa mu mwuka muto kugeza ku muvuduko uri hagati ku muvuduko muto (ubusanzwe <1.5kPa), kandi afite ubushobozi buke buri munsi ya 70%. Agasanduku k'amashanyarazi ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo hagerwe ku muvuduko mwiza, kuko umwuka usiga impera y'amashanyarazi ku muvuduko mwinshi kandi ugakoreshwa mu guhindura neza ingufu za "kinetic" mo umuvuduko utajegajega. Akora ku muvuduko muto wo kuzenguruka, bityo, urusaku rukomoka ku mashini rukunda kuba ruri munsi y'amashanyarazi yo mu bwoko bwa "back curved fans". Amashanyarazi afite imbaraga nyinshi iyo akorana n'imbaraga nke zo kwirinda.

Ishusho ya 4: Umufana wa centrifugal ugoramye imbere ufite moteri ifatika

Izi fans ntizikwiriye aho, urugero, umwuka wanduye cyane n'umukungugu cyangwa urimo ibitonyanga by'amavuta.

Ishusho ya 5: Urugero rw'umufana ukoresha plug ugororotse ufite ibyuma bikikije inyuma

Amashanyarazi ya centrifugal afite icyuma gishyushya imirasire

Umufana wa centrifugal ufite icyuma gishyushya imirasire ufite inyungu zo kuba ushobora kwimura uduce tw’umwuka wanduye no ku muvuduko mwinshi (ku rugero rwa 10kPa) ariko, ugenda ku muvuduko mwinshi, ugira urusaku rwinshi kandi ntukora neza (<60%), bityo ntugomba gukoreshwa muri HVAC rusange. Ufite kandi imbaraga nyinshi - uko ubushobozi bwa sisitemu bugabanuka (wenda bitewe n’ifungurwa ry’udupira two kugenzura ubwinshi bw’amazi), ingufu za moteri zizazamuka kandi, bitewe n’ingano ya moteri, zishobora 'gukora cyane'.

Amashanyarazi yo gushyiramo plagi

Aho gushyirwa mu gasanduku k'umuyoboro, izi mpeteri zakozwe mu buryo bwa centrifugal zishobora gukoreshwa mu gasanduku k'icyuma gifata umwuka (cyangwa, mu buryo bw'ukuri, mu muyoboro uwo ari wo wose cyangwa plenum), kandi igiciro cyazo cya mbere gishobora kuba kiri hasi ugereranije n'abafana ba centrifugal. Bizwi nka 'plenum', 'plug' cyangwa 'unhoused' bafana ba centrifugal, izi mpeteri zishobora gutanga inyungu zimwe na zimwe mu mwanya ariko ku giciro cyo gutakaza imikorere myiza (hamwe n'imikorere myiza isa n'iy'abafana ba centrifugal bafite imbere). Abafana bazakura umwuka unyuze mu gasanduku k'amazi (nk'uko bimeze ku mufana ucumbitse) ariko hanyuma bagasohora umwuka mu buryo bwa radiyo hirya no hino ku muzenguruko wose wa impeteri wa 360°. Bashobora gutanga uburyo bworoshye bwo guhuza aho basohokera (kuva kuri plenum), bivuze ko hashobora kuba hakenewe cyane imigozi yegeranye cyangwa impinduka zikomeye mu miyoboro y'amazi byakongera kugabanuka k'umuvuduko wa sisitemu (bityo, imbaraga z'umufana ziyongera). Imikorere myiza ya sisitemu muri rusange ishobora kunozwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kwinjira mu miyoboro iva muri plenum. Imwe mu nyungu z'umufana ukoresha plug ni imikorere myiza y'ijwi, ahanini iterwa no kwinjiza amajwi muri plenum no kutagira inzira zo "kubona neza" ziva kuri impeller zijya mu kanwa k'umuyoboro w'amazi. Imikorere myiza izaterwa cyane n'aho umufana aherereye muri plenum n'isano umufana afitanye n'aho asohokera - plenum ikoreshwa mu guhindura ingufu za kinetic mu kirere bityo ikongera umuvuduko uhoraho. Imikorere itandukanye cyane n'uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora bizaterwa n'ubwoko bwa impeller - impeller zivanze (zitanga uruhurirane rw'umuvuduko wa radial na axial) zakoreshejwe mu gukemura ibibazo by'umuvuduko uterwa n'imiterere ikomeye y'umuyaga wa radial yakozwe hakoreshejwe impeller zoroshye za centrifugal3.

Ku bikoresho bito, imiterere yabyo nto ikunze kuzuzwa binyuze mu gukoresha moteri za EC zishobora kugenzurwa byoroshye.

Abafana ba Axial

Mu mafeni yo mu gice cy’umugezi, umwuka unyura mu muyaga ujyanye n’umurongo w’izunguruka (nk’uko bigaragara mu muyaga woroshye wa axial wa tube wo ku Ishusho ya 6) – imbaraga ziterwa no kuzamura umwuka (nk’ibaba ry’indege). Ibi bishobora kuba bito, bihendutse kandi byoroheje, cyane cyane bikwiranye no gutwara umwuka uhanganye n’umuvuduko muto, bityo bikunze gukoreshwa mu buryo bwo gusohora umwuka aho umuvuduko ugabanuka ugereranije n’uburyo bwo gutanga – ubusanzwe umwuka urimo kugabanuka k’umuvuduko w’ibice byose bitanga umwuka mu gice gikoresha umwuka. Iyo umwuka uvuye mu muyaga woroshye wa axial, uzaba uzunguruka bitewe n’izunguruka ry’umwuka mu gihe unyura mu cyuma gitwara umwuka – imikorere y’umuyaga ishobora kunozwa cyane n’amapine y’ubuyobozi yo munsi kugira ngo agarure umuyaga, nk’uko bigaragara mu muyaga wo mu gice cy’umugezi ugaragara ku Ishusho ya 7. Imikorere y’umuyaga wo mu gice cy’umugezi ikorwa n’imiterere y’icyuma, intera iri hagati y’isonga ry’icyuma n’agasanduku kawukikije, n’uburyo umuyaga ugaruka. Ubunini bw’icyuma bushobora guhinduka kugira ngo buhindure neza umusaruro w’umuyaga. Mu gusubiza inyuma uburyo umwuka uzenguruka, umwuka ushobora no guhindurwa – nubwo umufana azaba yagenewe gukora mu cyerekezo cy’ibanze.

Ishusho ya 6: Umufana w'umuyoboro uzenguruka umuyoboro

Uburyo buranga feni zikoresha axial bugira aho zihagarara, ibyo bigatuma zidakoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye cyane, nubwo zifite akamaro ko kudakoresha imbaraga nyinshi.

Ishusho ya 7: Umufana w'umuyoboro w'amazi ukoresha vane axial

Amashanyarazi yo mu bwoko bwa Vane axial ashobora gukora neza nk'amashanyarazi yo mu bwoko bwa centrifugal acukumbuye inyuma, kandi ashobora gukora amazi menshi ku gitutu gikwiye (ubusanzwe hafi 2kPa), nubwo ashobora gutera urusaku rwinshi.

Umufana uvanze utemba ni iterambere ry’umufana ugororotse, kandi nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 8, ufite impeller ifite ishusho y’umuhondo aho umwuka ukururwa mu buryo bw’amajwi unyuze mu miyoboro iri kwaguka hanyuma ukanyura mu buryo bw’amajwi ayobora. Igikorwa gihuriweho gishobora gutera umuvuduko uri hejuru cyane ugereranije n’uko bishoboka ku bandi bafana bakomeye. Imikorere myiza n’urusaku bishobora kumera nk’iby’umufana ugororotse utemba inyuma.